It’s no surprise that environmental engineering is one of today’s fastest-growing fields. According to a 2024 Deloitte survey, about six in 10 Gen Z respondents reported feeling anxious about climate change in the past year. But rather than just worry, many are taking action, and environmental engineering is one of the most effective ways to make a meaningful difference.
Environmental engineers use science and technology to improve the health of our planet through clean energy innovation, water treatment systems, advanced recycling methods and pollution mitigation. It’s an ideal path for curious, dedicated, scientifically-minded people who care deeply about the earth. That said, the profession typically requires years of study and a college major in environmental engineering — but there are plenty of ways to start preparing before then.
Here’s everything you need to know about the field, including how high school students can start building toward a career in environmental engineering.
What Do Environmental Engineers Do?
Keeping our planet healthy is no small feat, and environmental engineers are at the forefront of that effort. Using scientific principles and engineering tools, they develop and implement systems that clean drinking water, reduce air pollution, manage waste and improve energy efficiency. They may clean up contaminated land, design sustainable infrastructure or help communities prepare for natural disasters.
But their role doesn’t stop at innovation. Environmental engineers are also educators and watchdogs: they help teach sustainable practices and ensure companies comply with environmental regulations. Thanks to their work, we’re seeing real progress in combating climate change, with new breakthroughs emerging all the time.
Is Environmental Engineering a Good Major?
In short: yes, especially for students passionate about the planet! If “saving the world” is more than just a catchphrase for you, this major can offer a deep sense of purpose. Environmental engineering is also a strong choice for students who enjoy science, feel confident in math and are interested in technology. These skills form the foundation of the coursework, which includes subjects like chemistry, physics, calculus and systems design.
As for career prospects, the outlook is bright. Environmental engineering jobs are projected to grow 7% from 2023 to 2033, faster than the average of all other occupations, according to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. The median salary in 2024 was $104,170, with potential to earn more depending on location, education, experience and employer.
Of course, environmental engineering is not for everyone. If science isn’t your strength, the academic demands may feel overwhelming. And because the work tackles real-world environmental challenges, it can be emotionally demanding, too. But for those who are mission-driven, the rewards — both personal and professional — are significant.
What Types of Jobs Do Environmental Engineers Have?
Environmental engineering is a broad field, which means you can tailor your career to your interests. Some professionals focus on water systems or air quality, while others specialize in soil remediation, sustainable energy or waste management.
Many work as consultants, helping companies assess and reduce the environmental impact of their operations. Others develop community programs or work in education, training the next generation of engineers.
Career opportunities exist in a wide range of settings, including government agencies, nonprofits, environmental consulting firms, engineering companies, universities and construction firms. Whatever aspect of the planet you’re passionate about, there’s likely a role for you.
How to Prepare for an Environmental Engineering Major
If you’re in high school and thinking about studying environmental engineering, there are plenty of ways to start preparing now. Focus on excelling in math and science courses, and seek out extracurriculars related to sustainability, such as your school’s environmental club, local clean-up initiatives or community gardens. Part-time jobs or internships related to science, tech or the environment can also offer valuable experience.
Online courses and self-led research can help deepen your knowledge — and boost your college applications. Another great option? Attending a pre-college program.
Pre-college programs let high schoolers experience college life while exploring a potential major. At USC, for example, students can choose from a wide range of residential and online courses, including “Discover Engineering” and “Environmental Studies: Sustainability and Your World.” In particular, the environmental studies program at USC introduces students to the most pressing ecological challenges of our time as well as the research driving innovative solutions. Plus, you’ll earn college credit or a certificate of completion to strengthen your college applications.
In short, it’s a fantastic way to jump-start your journey toward a meaningful, world-changing career.
Learn more about USC Pre-College programs today.